The paper aims to identify the risk of large plastic inventory in agricultural soils for groundwater systems and drinking water supplies. This review synthesises the current knowledge of the plastic mobility and plastic-pesticide interactions in agricultural soil and also identifies the way for future research. The research has also seen consistent evidence for vertical migration of plastic in agricultural soils towards aquifer systems, especially for sub-micrometre-sized plastic particles, analogously to the well-known migration of natural particles in the sub-micrometre range (colloids). The reviewed investigations also showed that plastic can change the sorption behaviour of pesticides in agricultural soils and also enhance their transport towards the underlying groundwater systems. This paper emphasises the need for improved regulatory measures that need to be put in place for the use of plastics in farming so as to protect the aquifers and drinking water supplies from plastic and pesticide contamination to avoid potential health hazards.
The Scheme of Control and Enforcement Scheme (Scheme) of the North East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC) applies to all fishing vessels used or intended for use in fishing activities conducted on fisheries resources in the Regulatory Area. The scheme is divided into seven chapters: General Provisions (I), Control Measures (II), Monitoring of Fisheries (III), Vessel[…]
For the purpose of ensuring that fishing activities are in compliance with South Indian Ocean Fisheries Agreement (SIOFA) Conservation and Management Measures (CMMs), this CMM provides regulations that make it easier to monitor, control, and monitor fishing activities. It is the responsibility of the Contracting Parties, cooperating non-contracting party (CNCPs), and participating fishing entities (PFEs) to[…]
In the context of sustainable fishing activities, this Regulation establishes specific rules regarding the eligibility of costs associated with operations that aim to protect and restore marine biodiversity and ecosystems. Additionally, this Regulation addresses the eligibility of costs for operations that aim to mitigate climate change and improve the energy efficiency of fishing vessels. Furthermore,[…]
The Third Caribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism (CRFM) Strategic Plan (2022-2030) sets out a clear roadmap for achieving the CRFM’s vision of effective management, conservation and sustainable use of our fisheries and aquaculture resources, to maximise social and economic benefits in the CRFM Member States. The plan was approved by the Eleventh Special Meeting of the[…]
This measure is based on the Convention on the Conservation and Management of Fishery Resources in the South East Atlantic Ocean, adopted by the Annual Meeting of the South East Atlantic Fisheries Organization (SEAFO) in 2015, establishes the System of Observation, Inspection, Compliance and Enforcement, which shall apply to all fishing vessels and fishing research[…]