The annual global plastic production is estimated to have increased from 1.5 to 390.7 million metric tonnes from 1950 to 2021. Additionally, the inefficient management strategies have resulted in huge plastic waste disposal in the environment in a hostile manner. This study compiles information on how microplastic pollution affects the marine ecosystem, with a particular emphasis on key factors such as the types and sources of microplastics, the mechanisms leading to the degradation of microplastics, their harmful effects on marine biota and humans, the fate of microplastics in the marine environment, and the recent developments in the characterization, separation, and removal of microplastics from the marine environment. The analysis from this study provides a baseline for developing effective microplastic risk management plans. Future research should concentrate on treating and eliminating microplastics before they are discharged into the marine environment since their distribution and abundance in aquatic systems are projected to rise with the increased plastic input into the total environment.
The Scheme of Control and Enforcement Scheme (Scheme) of the North East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC) applies to all fishing vessels used or intended for use in fishing activities conducted on fisheries resources in the Regulatory Area. The scheme is divided into seven chapters: General Provisions (I), Control Measures (II), Monitoring of Fisheries (III), Vessel[…]
For the purpose of ensuring that fishing activities are in compliance with South Indian Ocean Fisheries Agreement (SIOFA) Conservation and Management Measures (CMMs), this CMM provides regulations that make it easier to monitor, control, and monitor fishing activities. It is the responsibility of the Contracting Parties, cooperating non-contracting party (CNCPs), and participating fishing entities (PFEs) to[…]
In the context of sustainable fishing activities, this Regulation establishes specific rules regarding the eligibility of costs associated with operations that aim to protect and restore marine biodiversity and ecosystems. Additionally, this Regulation addresses the eligibility of costs for operations that aim to mitigate climate change and improve the energy efficiency of fishing vessels. Furthermore,[…]
The Third Caribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism (CRFM) Strategic Plan (2022-2030) sets out a clear roadmap for achieving the CRFM’s vision of effective management, conservation and sustainable use of our fisheries and aquaculture resources, to maximise social and economic benefits in the CRFM Member States. The plan was approved by the Eleventh Special Meeting of the[…]
This measure is based on the Convention on the Conservation and Management of Fishery Resources in the South East Atlantic Ocean, adopted by the Annual Meeting of the South East Atlantic Fisheries Organization (SEAFO) in 2015, establishes the System of Observation, Inspection, Compliance and Enforcement, which shall apply to all fishing vessels and fishing research[…]