The surge in nano/microplastics (NPs/MPs) through myriad daily products released in the aqueous environment highlights the importance of the urgent development of mitigation techniques. The study has assessed the performance of iron-modified biochar pyrolysed at two different temperatures, i.e., 550°C (FB-550) and 850°C (FB-850), with magnetic extractability for the easy and prompt removal of NPs of varying size and surface functionality. NP1 (1000 nm, carboxyl), NP2 (1000 nm, amine), and NP3 (30 nm, carboxyl) were subjected to batch experiments with the composites. Rapid elimination of all the NPs (<10 min) from the water system using robust magnetic composites was observed. A higher order of reaction kinetics (n > 2) was found through the general order model, and a good fit for the Sips isotherm suggests ultrafast NPs removal and the heterogeneous nature of the composite surface. Maximum removal capacities for NP1 (225.11 mg/g) and NP3 (206.46 mg/g) were obtained using FB-850, whereas FB-550 showed higher removal of NP2 (290.20 mg/g). The influence of solution pH on the sorption of NPs was limited with significant variation in zeta potential, suggesting the probability of surface complexation of NPs. The spectroscopic analysis of the reaction mixture showed the disappearance of the COO− peak, the generation of FeOOH stretching, and the shift in the Fe-O band, confirming the involvement of surface complexation in the sorption process. Minimal impact of environmental parameters, reaction spontaneity, and efficient removal of NPs in complex aqueous matrices justifies the composites’ environmental applicability. No-iron release and excellent reusability of the utilised adsorbents support the large-scale applicability of the composites.
It aims to prevent, deter, and eliminate Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) fishing, aligning with FAO’s International Plan of Action. It strengthens fisheries governance, vessel monitoring, and regional cooperation to protect marine resources and livelihoods. The plan includes licensing regulations, ecosystem-based fisheries management, and stricter enforcement against IUU activities. It promotes sustainable fishing, marine biodiversity[…]
It promotes sustainable ocean management, marine biodiversity conservation, and climate resilience. It aims to integrate scientific and traditional knowledge, enhance marine governance, and support a blue economy. The policy establishes marine protected areas, combats land and marine pollution (including plastic waste), and strengthens regulations on resource extraction. It aligns with international commitments such as the[…]
It aims to reduce marine pollution including plastic pollution through policy implementation, technological innovations, monitoring, and public awareness. It addresses land- and sea-based pollution sources, emphasizing circular economy principles and sustainable waste management. The plan aligns with international frameworks and includes 17 actions and 103 activities. Key strategies involve reducing single-use plastics, improving recycling systems,[…]
Ireland’s National Implementation Plan (2012) under the Stockholm Convention aims to control and eliminate Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). It outlines legal measures to restrict the production, use, and release of POPs, including pesticides, industrial chemicals, and unintentional by-products like dioxins and furans. The plan enforces monitoring, regulatory compliance, waste disposal, and public awareness campaigns. Efforts[…]
It aims to prevent and manage hazardous waste effectively while minimizing environmental and health risks. The plan prioritizes waste reduction, improved collection, and increased self-sufficiency in hazardous waste treatment. Key strategies include regulatory enforcement, waste prevention programs, and public awareness campaigns. The plan also promotes alternatives to hazardous materials, better disposal facilities, and stricter monitoring[…]