Recently, several bio-based and biodegradable polymers have been introduced on the market as potential substitutes for conventional plastics to decrease their environmental impacts. Several studies are reported to have observed incomplete biodegradation of these materials at lab-scale and in conventional treatment plants, and as such, the significant content of small inert particles, including microplastics, in the final products presents an obstacle to the agricultural use of these products. In this study, four different types of bio-based biodegradable plastics were characterised by chemical-physical analysis, and the main properties such as the content of volatile and non-volatile phases, crystallinity, main elemental composition, the content of different phases by spectroscopic investigation using Fourier Transform InfraRed spectra, and metals and metalloids of potential environmental concern were investigated. The results of the chemical-physical investigations indicated that pyrolysis is a technically viable process for the treatment of all of the bioplastic samples examined.
The Scheme of Control and Enforcement Scheme (Scheme) of the North East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC) applies to all fishing vessels used or intended for use in fishing activities conducted on fisheries resources in the Regulatory Area. The scheme is divided into seven chapters: General Provisions (I), Control Measures (II), Monitoring of Fisheries (III), Vessel[…]
For the purpose of ensuring that fishing activities are in compliance with South Indian Ocean Fisheries Agreement (SIOFA) Conservation and Management Measures (CMMs), this CMM provides regulations that make it easier to monitor, control, and monitor fishing activities. It is the responsibility of the Contracting Parties, cooperating non-contracting party (CNCPs), and participating fishing entities (PFEs) to[…]
In the context of sustainable fishing activities, this Regulation establishes specific rules regarding the eligibility of costs associated with operations that aim to protect and restore marine biodiversity and ecosystems. Additionally, this Regulation addresses the eligibility of costs for operations that aim to mitigate climate change and improve the energy efficiency of fishing vessels. Furthermore,[…]
The Third Caribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism (CRFM) Strategic Plan (2022-2030) sets out a clear roadmap for achieving the CRFM’s vision of effective management, conservation and sustainable use of our fisheries and aquaculture resources, to maximise social and economic benefits in the CRFM Member States. The plan was approved by the Eleventh Special Meeting of the[…]
This measure is based on the Convention on the Conservation and Management of Fishery Resources in the South East Atlantic Ocean, adopted by the Annual Meeting of the South East Atlantic Fisheries Organization (SEAFO) in 2015, establishes the System of Observation, Inspection, Compliance and Enforcement, which shall apply to all fishing vessels and fishing research[…]