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Japan Archives - IKHAPP https://ikhapp.org/custom-tag/japan/ International Knowledge Hub Against Plastic Pollution Wed, 12 Mar 2025 10:29:40 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.9.4 https://ikhapp.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/cropped-ikhapplogo-bl-1-32x32.jpg Japan Archives - IKHAPP https://ikhapp.org/custom-tag/japan/ 32 32 COUNCIL DECISION (EU) 2019/1563 on the position to be taken on behalf of the European Union within the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission (WECAFC) https://ikhapp.org/all-publications/council-decision-eu-2019-1563-on-the-position-to-be-taken-on-behalf-of-the-european-union-within-the-western-central-atlantic-fishery-commission-wecafc/ Wed, 12 Mar 2025 10:29:40 +0000 https://ikhapp.org/?post_type=all_publications&p=3756 This Decision sets out the position to be taken on the Union’s behalf in the sessions of the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission (WECAFC). In particular, in the framework of the WECAFC, the European Union shall, among other aspects: a) act in accordance with the objectives and principles pursued by the Union within the common[...]

The post COUNCIL DECISION (EU) 2019/1563 on the position to be taken on behalf of the European Union within the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission (WECAFC) appeared first on IKHAPP.

]]> This Decision sets out the position to be taken on the Union’s behalf in the sessions of the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission (WECAFC). In particular, in the framework of the WECAFC, the European Union shall, among other aspects: a) act in accordance with the objectives and principles pursued by the Union within the common fisheries policy (CFP), notably through the precautionary approach and the aims related to the maximum sustainable yield, to promote the implementation of an ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management, to avoid and reduce, as far as possible, unwanted catches, and gradually eliminate discards, and to minimise the impact of fishing activities on marine ecosystems and their habitats, as well as, through the promotion of economically viable and competitive Union fisheries, to provide a fair standard of living for those who depend on fishing activities and take account of the interests of consumers; b) promote positions consistent with the best practices of regional fisheries management organisations (RFMOs) and regional fisheries bodies (RFBs) in the same area

The post COUNCIL DECISION (EU) 2019/1563 on the position to be taken on behalf of the European Union within the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission (WECAFC) appeared first on IKHAPP.

]]> Conservation And Management Measure On The Prevention, Reduction, And Elimination Of Marine Pollution CMM 2023-15 https://ikhapp.org/all-publications/conservation-and-management-measure-on-the-prevention-reduction-and-elimination-of-marine-pollution-cmm-2023-15/ Wed, 12 Mar 2025 10:07:38 +0000 https://ikhapp.org/?post_type=all_publications&p=3754 This document provides measures for prohibitions on marine pollution, including that no fishing vessel shall discard or abandon fishing gear at sea. A fishing vessel is deemed to have discarded fishing gear if it relinquishes control of the fishing gear, except in the event of distress. The measure provides for the condition that a fishing[...]

The post Conservation And Management Measure On The Prevention, Reduction, And Elimination Of Marine Pollution CMM 2023-15 appeared first on IKHAPP.

]]> This document provides measures for prohibitions on marine pollution, including that no fishing vessel shall discard or abandon fishing gear at sea. A fishing vessel is deemed to have discarded fishing gear if it relinquishes control of the fishing gear, except in the event of distress. The measure provides for the condition that a fishing gear is considered lost and further provides for prohibition on release of plastics and release of other marine pollutants. The text further lays out the preventive measures for the abandonment, loss, or discard of fishing gear at sea; the release of garbage, and plastics, at sea. A fishing vessel is encouraged to carry equipment on board to retrieve any abandoned, lost, or discarded fishing gear, garbage, or plastics that it releases or observes.

The post Conservation And Management Measure On The Prevention, Reduction, And Elimination Of Marine Pollution CMM 2023-15 appeared first on IKHAPP.

]]> Conservation and Management Measure 2017-04 https://ikhapp.org/all-publications/conservation-and-management-measure-2017-04/ Wed, 12 Mar 2025 09:57:04 +0000 https://ikhapp.org/?post_type=all_publications&p=3753 The Conservation and Management Measures on Marine Pollution (2017-04) is a policy implemented by the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) to address marine pollution in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO). This measure focuses on reducing and managing marine pollution from various sources, particularly in relation to fishing activities.

The post Conservation and Management Measure 2017-04 appeared first on IKHAPP.

]]> The Conservation and Management Measures on Marine Pollution (2017-04) is a policy implemented by the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) to address marine pollution in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO). This measure focuses on reducing and managing marine pollution from various sources, particularly in relation to fishing activities.

The post Conservation and Management Measure 2017-04 appeared first on IKHAPP.

]]> Accumulation of microcapsules derived from coated fertilizer in paddy fields https://ikhapp.org/all-publications/accumulation-of-microcapsules-derived-from-coated-fertilizer-in-paddy-fields/ Mon, 23 Dec 2024 09:02:15 +0000 https://ikhapp.org/?post_type=all_publications&p=3523 This study investigates the accumulation of microcapsules, derived from coated fertiliser, that were detected in 19 paddy fields, with concentrations ranging from 6-369 mg/kg (mean 144 mg/kg). The findings revealed that there was no difference in mean microcapsule concentration between rice cultivation sites and crop rotation sites, but the concentration in fields without coated fertiliser[...]

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]]> This study investigates the accumulation of microcapsules, derived from coated fertiliser, that were detected in 19 paddy fields, with concentrations ranging from 6-369 mg/kg (mean 144 mg/kg). The findings revealed that there was no difference in mean microcapsule concentration between rice cultivation sites and crop rotation sites, but the concentration in fields without coated fertiliser was found to be significantly lower. A hot spot with high concentration near the drainage outlet was identified, likely due to the influence of irrigation water. The amount of microcapsules accumulated in Japanese paddy fields and those applied to the fields was almost equivalent, suggesting that most of the microcapsules applied may continue to accumulate. The findings revealed that the impact of these high concentrations on the soil environment needs regular assessment

The post Accumulation of microcapsules derived from coated fertilizer in paddy fields appeared first on IKHAPP.

]]> Policy responses to plastic pollution in Asia: summary of a regional gap analysis https://ikhapp.org/all-publications/policy-responses-to-plastic-pollution-in-asia-summary-of-a-regional-gap-analysis/ Mon, 13 Jun 2022 06:00:07 +0000 https://ikhapp.org/?post_type=all_publications&p=1461 An analysis of policy gaps among Southeast Asian nations was conducted during the first half of 2019. This chapter summarises the results and recommendations of this assessment. The full project report was published as Akenji L, Bengtsson M, Kato M, Hengesbaugh M, Hotta Y, Aoki-Suzuki C, Gamaralalage PJD, Liu C. Circular economy and plastics: a[...]

The post Policy responses to plastic pollution in Asia: summary of a regional gap analysis appeared first on IKHAPP.

]]> An analysis of policy gaps among Southeast Asian nations was conducted during the first half of 2019. This chapter summarises the results and recommendations of this assessment. The full project report was published as Akenji L, Bengtsson M, Kato M, Hengesbaugh M, Hotta Y, Aoki-Suzuki C, Gamaralalage PJD, Liu C. Circular economy and plastics: a gap-analysis in ASEAN member states. Brussels: European Commission Directorate General for Environment and Directorate General for International Cooperation and Development, Jakarta: Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN); 2019

Additionally, information on the current policy situation in Japan and South Korea has been added.

 

The post Policy responses to plastic pollution in Asia: summary of a regional gap analysis appeared first on IKHAPP.

]]> Unlocking circular economy for prevention of marine plastic pollution: An exploration of G20 policy and initiatives https://ikhapp.org/all-publications/unlocking-circular-economy-for-prevention-of-marine-plastic-pollution-an-exploration-of-g20-policy-and-initiatives/ Wed, 08 Jun 2022 12:41:33 +0000 https://ikhapp.org/?post_type=all_publications&p=1449 Using a custom framework for MPP policy that merges Circular Economy (CE) and life-cycle perspectives, this article highlights existing policies and examines further policy options in G20 countries.    

The post Unlocking circular economy for prevention of marine plastic pollution: An exploration of G20 policy and initiatives appeared first on IKHAPP.

]]> Using a custom framework for MPP policy that merges Circular Economy (CE) and life-cycle perspectives, this article highlights existing policies and examines further policy options in G20 countries.

 

 

The post Unlocking circular economy for prevention of marine plastic pollution: An exploration of G20 policy and initiatives appeared first on IKHAPP.

]]> Abundance of non-conservative microplastics in the upper ocean from 1957 to 2066 https://ikhapp.org/all-publications/abundance-of-non-conservative-microplastics-in-the-upper-ocean-from-1957-to-2066/ Wed, 24 Nov 2021 16:40:13 +0000 http://ikhapp.org/?post_type=all_publications&p=1101 Laboratory-based studies have suggested that marine organisms can be harmed by ingesting microplastics. However, unless the current and future microplastic abundance in the ocean environment is quantified, these experimental studies could be criticised for using an unrealistic density or sparsity of microplastics. Here we show the secular variations of pelagic microplastic abundance in the Pacific[...]

The post Abundance of non-conservative microplastics in the upper ocean from 1957 to 2066 appeared first on IKHAPP.

]]> Laboratory-based studies have suggested that marine organisms can be harmed by ingesting microplastics. However, unless the current and future microplastic abundance in the ocean environment is quantified, these experimental studies could be criticised for using an unrealistic density or sparsity of microplastics. Here we show the secular variations of pelagic microplastic abundance in the Pacific Ocean from 1957 to 2066, based on a combination of numerical modelling and transoceanic surveys conducted meridionally from Antarctica to Japan. Marine plastic pollution is an ongoing concern, especially in the North Pacific, and pelagic microplastics are regarded as non-conservative matter due to the removal processes that operate in the upper ocean. The results of our numerical model incorporating removal processes on a 3-year timescale suggested that the weight concentrations of pelagic microplastics around the subtropical convergence zone would increase approximately twofold (fourfold) by 2030 (2060) from the present condition.

 

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]]> Analysis of small microplastics in coastal surface water samples of the subtropical island of Okinawa, Japan https://ikhapp.org/all-publications/analysis-of-small-microplastics-in-coastal-surface-water-samples-of-the-subtropical-island-of-okinawa-japan/ Wed, 24 Nov 2021 12:47:14 +0000 http://ikhapp.org/?post_type=all_publications&p=1071 Marine plastic debris is widely recognised as a global environmental issue. Small microplastic particles, with an upper size limit of 20 Ξm, have been identified as having the highest potential for causing damage to marine ecosystems. Having accurate methods for quantifying the abundance of such particles in a natural environment is essential for defining the[...]

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]]> Marine plastic debris is widely recognised as a global environmental issue. Small microplastic particles, with an upper size limit of 20 Ξm, have been identified as having the highest potential for causing damage to marine ecosystems. Having accurate methods for quantifying the abundance of such particles in a natural environment is essential for defining the extent of the problem they pose. Using an optical micro-Raman tweezers setup, we have identified the composition of particles trapped in marine aggregates collected from the coastal surface waters around the subtropical island of Okinawa. Chemical composition analysis at the single-particle level indicates dominance by low-density polyethylene, which accounted for 75% of the small microplastics analysed. The smallest microplastics identified were (2.53 ¹ 0.85) Ξm polystyrene. Our results show the occurrence of plastics at all test sites, with the highest concentration in areas with high human activities. We also observed additional Raman peaks on the plastics spectrum with decreasing debris size, which could be related to structural modification due to weathering or embedding in organic matter. By identifying small microplastics at the single-particle level, we obtain some indication of their dispersion in the ocean, which could be useful for future studies on their potential impact on marine biodiversity.

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